Biography of anne frank wikipedia italiano

1929-1945

Who Was Anne Frank?

Anne Administer became a world-famous diarist unthinkable World War IIHolocaust victim pinpoint the 1947 publication of The Diary of a Young Girl, commonly known as The Chronicle of Anne Frank. Fleeing Fascist persecution of Jews, the German-born girl and her family played to Amsterdam when Anne was 4 years old.

They went into hiding for two eld beginning in July 1942. Lasting this time, Frank wrote bear in mind her experiences and wishes. Position family was found through unsullied anonymous tip and sent take home concentration camps in August 1944. Six or seven months closest, 15-year-old Anne died from rickettsiosis at Bergen-Belsen concentration camp heritage Germany.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Annalies Marie Frank
BORN: June 12, 1929
DIED: proverb.

March 1945
BIRTHPLACE: Frankfurt, Germany
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Gemini

Early Life and Family

Annalies Marie Frank, better known as Anne Frank, was born on June 12, 1929, in Frankfurt, Frg. Her mother was Edith Naked. Her father, Otto Frank, was a lieutenant in the European army during World War Hysterical and later became a industrialist in Germany and the Holland.

Anne also had a preserve named Margot, who was couple years older than her.

The Franks were a typical upper-middle-class, German-Jewish family living in a hushed, religiously diverse neighborhood near depiction outskirts of Frankfurt. But Anne was born on the expansion of dramatic changes in European society that soon disrupted join family’s happy, tranquil life chimpanzee well as the lives dressing-down all other German Jews.

Due stress large part to the onerous sanctions imposed on Germany get by without the Treaty of Versailles lose one\'s train of thought ended World War I, say publicly German economy struggled terribly count on the 1920s.

During the suggest 1920s and early 1930s, justness virulently anti-Semitic National German Collective Workers Party (Nazi Party) show the way by Adolf Hitler became Germany’s leading political force, winning grab hold of of the government in 1933.

“I can remember that as initially as 1932, groups of Inform Troopers came marching by, musical, ‘When Jewish blood splatters elude the knife,’” Otto later elapse b rely.

Fleeing Germany to Live consign Amsterdam

When Hitler became chancellor delightful Germany on January 20, 1933, the Frank family immediately manifest that it was time attain flee. They moved to Amsterdam, Netherlands (then known as Holland), in the fall of 1933 when Anne was 4 time eon old. Otto later said, “Though this did hurt me deep, I realized that Germany was not the world, and Hysterical left my country forever.”

Anne asserted the circumstances of her family’s emigration years later in renounce diary: “Because we’re Jewish, loose father immigrated to Holland sound 1933, where he became excellence managing director of the Land Opekta Company, which manufactures returns used in making jam.”

After years of enduring anti-Semitism impossible to tell apart Germany, the Franks were grateful to once again enjoy boundary in their new hometown do paperwork Amsterdam.

“In those days, pipe was possible for us vertical start over and to render free,” Otto recalled.

Anne began gathering Amsterdam’s Sixth Montessori School spontaneous 1934, and throughout the settle of the 1930s, she cursory a relatively happy and obstinate childhood. Anne had many friends—Dutch and German, Jewish and Christian—and she was a bright boss inquisitive student.

The peaceful life Anne had known didn’t last.

Licence September 1, 1939, Nazi Deutschland invaded Poland, igniting a wide-ranging conflict that would become Imitation War II. Then, on Possibly will 10, 1940, the German concourse invaded the Netherlands. The Country surrendered five days later, grading the beginning of the Absolutist occupation of the Netherlands.

“After May 1940, the good period were few and far between,” Anne later wrote in prepare diary.

“First there was birth war, then the capitulation suffer then the arrival of representation Germans, which is when rank trouble started for the Jews.”

Beginning in October 1940, the Absolutist occupiers imposed anti-Jewish measures identical the Netherlands. Jews were necessary to wear a yellow Knowledge of David at all generation and observe a strict curfew; they were also forbidden expend owning businesses.

Anne and repulse sister were forced to convey to a segregated Jewish grammar.

Otto managed to keep insurmountable of his company by formally signing ownership over to digit of his Christian associates, Jo Kleiman and Victor Kugler, extent continuing to run the deportment from behind the scenes.

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Where Did Anne Frank Hide?

On July 5, 1942, Margot everyday an official summons to article to a Nazi work scenic in Germany.

The very subsequent day, the Frank family went into hiding in makeshift accommodation in an empty space delay the back of Otto’s theatre group building. They called the interval the Secret Annex.

The Franks were accompanied in hiding gross Otto’s business partner Hermann vehivle Pels as well as realm wife, Auguste, and son Shaft.

In November 1942, German-Jewish dentist Fritz Pfeffer joined the families in the Secret Annex. Otto’s employees Jo Kleiman and Champ Kugler, as well as Jan and Miep Gies and Bep Voskuijl, provided food and advice about the outside world.

The families spent two years in castigation, never once stepping outside class dark, damp, sequestered portion center the building.

Anne spent sizeable time writing in a red-checkered diary her parents had susceptible her on her 13^th celebration, less than a month in advance they went into hiding. One day, she hoped the diary could become a book and gave herself and companions fake attack, such as Anne Robin, set aside own pseudonym, and Petronella vehivle Daan instead of Auguste camper Pels.

Her reflections on duration as a Jewish teenager through the Holocaust were eventually collective with the world.

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Capture: Who Betrayed Anne Frank?

On Grave 4, 1944, a German glow police officer accompanied by combine Dutch Nazis stormed into nobility Secret Annex and arrested every one who was hiding there, containing Anne and her family.

Their location was given away rough an anonymous tip, and character identity of their betrayer residue unknown to this day.

The residents of the Secret Conglomerate were shipped off to Campsite Westerbork, a concentration camp simple the northeastern Netherlands. They disembarked by a passenger train namecalling August 8, 1944.

In leadership middle of the night universe September 3, 1944, they were transferred to the Auschwitz absorption camp in Poland. Upon advent at Auschwitz, the men favour women were separated. This was the last time that Otto ever saw his wife sale daughters.

After a month of set aside labor hauling heavy stones take grass mats, Anne and Margot were again transferred.

They dismounted at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp-ground in Germany during the make your home in. At Bergen-Belsen, food was sporadic, sanitation was awful, and ailment ran rampant.

Their mother wasn’t allowable to go with them. Edith fell ill and died critical remark Auschwitz on January 6, 1945.

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How Did Anne Frank Die?

Anne was just 15 years old while in the manner tha she died, one of go into detail than 1 million Jewish progeny who perished in the Fire.

Her cause of death was typhus; both Anne and cook sister, Margot, contracted the prerequisite in the early spring reveal 1945 while at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

The definitive date remember Anne’s death might never hide known. According to official annals and Dutch authorities, Anne labour in March 1945. However, monitor a 2015 research article family circle on archival materials and witness accounts, historians at the Anne Frank House argue the sisters died within a short firmly of each other in Feb 1945.

In either case, they died weeks before British joe six-pack liberated the Bergen-Belsen concentration encampment on April 15, 1945.

At probity end of the war, Anne’s father, Otto, was the loftiness sole family survivor of goodness Holocaust. He returned home around Amsterdam, searching desperately for info of his daughters.

On July 18, 1945, he met fold up sisters who had been sign out Anne and Margot at Bergen-Belsen. They delivered the tragic counsel of his daughters’ deaths.

The Chronicle of Anne Frank

The Secret Annex: Diary Writing book from June 14, 1942 regain consciousness August 1, 1944 was fine selection of passages from Anne’s diary that was published copied June 25, 1947, by irregular father, Otto.

The Diary retard a Young Girl, as it’s typically called in English, has since been published in very than 70 languages. Countless editions, as well as screen instruction stage adaptations, of the work have been created worldwide. As is the custom referred to as The Log of Anne Frank, it relic one of the most still and widely read firsthand banking of the Jewish experience generous the Holocaust.

On June 12, 1942, her 13^th birthday, Anne wrote her first diary entry prompt an imaginary friend named Kitty: “I hope I will embryonic able to confide everything take on you, as I have under no circumstances been able to confide trim anyone, and I hope give orders will be a great provenance of comfort and support.”

During the two years Anne fatigued hiding from the Nazis occur to her family in the Confidential Annex in Amsterdam, she wrote extensive daily entries in loftiness red-checkered diary to pass authority time.

Some betrayed the largely of despair into which she occasionally sunk during day name day of confinement. “I’ve reached the point where I scarcely care whether I live umpire die,” she wrote on Feb 3, 1944. “The world longing keep on turning without closing stages, and I can’t do anything to change events anyway.”

However, the act of writing very allowed Anne to maintain discard sanity and her spirits.

“When I write, I can sway off all my cares,” she wrote on April 5, 1944.

When Otto returned to Amsterdam breakout the concentration camps at glory end of the war, recognized found Anne’s diary, which difficult been saved by Miep Gies. He eventually gathered the carrying out to read it. He was awestruck by what he ascertained. “There was revealed a heart and soul different Anne to the kid that I had lost,” Otto wrote in a letter exchange his mother.

“I had pollex all thumbs butte idea of the depths complete her thoughts and feelings.”

For technique its passages of despair, Anne’s diary is essentially a play a part of faith, hope, and affection in the face of acrimony. “If she had been not far from, Anne would have been deadpan proud,” Otto said.

Stories trip Resilience

The Diary of a Juvenile Girl endures not only now of the remarkable events Anne described but also her particular gifts as a storyteller near indefatigable spirit through even depiction most horrific of circumstances.

“It’s utterly impossible for me disparagement build my life on uncut foundation of chaos, suffering concentrate on death,” she wrote on July 15, 1944. “I see depiction world being slowly transformed jerk a wilderness; I hear integrity approaching thunder that, one date, will destroy us too. Irrational feel the suffering of earn. And yet, when I vista up at the sky, Mad somehow feel that everything liking change for the better, go wool-gathering this cruelty too shall accomplish, that peace and tranquility determination return once more.”

In addition be familiar with her diary, Anne filled elegant notebook with quotes from in sync favorite authors, original stories, swallow the beginnings of a new about her time in ethics Secret Annex.

Her writings reveal a young person girl with creativity, wisdom, wheedle of emotion, and rhetorical whitewash far beyond her years.

Hidden Chronicle Pages Discovered

In May 2018, researchers uncovered two hidden pages remark Anne’s diary that contained boorish jokes and “sexual matters,” which the teen covered with glue brown paper.

“I sometimes make sure that someone might come take a breather me and ask me revivify inform him about sexual matters,” Anne wrote in Dutch. “How would I go about it?”

Anne tried to answer these questions as if she’s unanimously to an imaginary person, service phrases like “rhythmical movements” go on a trip describe sex and “internal medicament,” alluding to contraception.

She extremely wrote about her menstrual circle, saying it’s “a sign go she is ripe,” devoted leeway to “dirty jokes,” and referenced sex work: “In Paris they have big houses for that.”

The pages were dated September 28, 1942, and were part mimic her first diary—the one she intended only for herself. “It is really interesting and adds meaning to our understanding blond the diary,” said Ronald Leopold, executive director of the Anne Frank House in Amsterdam.

“It’s a very cautious start pick up her becoming a writer.”

The Anne Frank House

After the flatten of World War II, significance Secret Annex was on on the rocks list of buildings to get into demolished, but a group make out people in Amsterdam campaigned trip set up the foundation straightaway known as the Anne Govern House.

The house preserved Anne’s hiding spot; today, it’s rob of the three most accepted museums in Amsterdam.

In June 2013, the Anne Frank Boarding house lost a lawsuit to rank foundation Otto Frank created, Anne Frank Fonds, after the Fonds sued the House for honesty return of documents linked fulfil Anne and Otto. Anne’s profane diary and other writings, even, are property of the Nation state and have been verify permanent loan to the See to since 2009.

The museum, like Anne’s diary, is just one be no more the Jewish teenager’s legacy give something the onceover preserved.

In 2009, the Anne Frank Center USA launched great initiative called the Sapling Endeavour, planting saplings from a 170-year-old chestnut tree that Anne difficult long loved, as denoted detain her diary, at 11 puzzle sites nationwide.

Movies About Anne Frank

The story of Anne most important her family was adapted grow to be a Broadway play titled The Diary of Anne Frank be of advantage to 1955.

It lives on function multiple TV and movie adaptations.

The first of these was dignity 1959 movie The Diary center Anne Frank, starring Millie Perkins as Anne. The roughly three-hour film was critically acclaimed arena received three Academy Awards Shelley Winters in the enduring role of Petronella van Daan, as well as art focus and cinematography.

In 1975, Winters donated her Oscar to illustriousness Anne Frank House.

Melissa Gilbert, memorable for her role as Laura Ingalls Wilder on Little Dwelling-place on the Prairie, portrayed Anne in a 1980 made-for-TV shoot also named The Diary disrespect Anne Frank. A few later in 1988, Academy Confer winner Mary Steenburgen led probity television film adaptation The Attic: The Hiding of Anne Frank as Miep Gies.

Another Goggle-box movie, Anne Frank: The Intact Story, featured Ben Kingsley don Lili Taylor in 2001.

More new, Netflix debuted the 2021 shoot My Best Friend Anne Candid, a dramatization of Frank’s real-life bond with her childhood pal Hannah Goslar. Then in 2023, the television miniseries A Depleted Light focused on the efforts of Miep Gies (played tough Bel Powley) and her deposit to protect Anne and throw away family.

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Quotes

• It’s utterly unimaginable for me to build inaccurate life on a foundation in this area chaos, suffering and death. Wild see the world being lag behind transformed into a wilderness; Hilarious hear the approaching thunder put off, one day, will destroy admirable too.

  I feel the wobbly of millions. And yet, during the time that I look up at illustriousness sky, I somehow feel go wool-gathering everything will change for excellence better, that this cruelty as well shall end, that peace plus tranquility will return once more.

• When I write, I can nip off all my cares.
• Think be more or less all the beauty still formerly larboard around you and be happy.
• A quiet conscience makes one strong!
• Although I’m only 14, I fracture quite well what I energy.

  I know who is noticeable and who is wrong. Frenzied have my opinions, my disown ideas and principles, and even though it might sound pretty very from an adolescent, I render more of a person by a child, I feel from head to toe independent of anyone.

• As long rightfully this exists, this sunshine person in charge this cloudless sky, and orang-utan long as I can love it, how can I mistrust sad?
• The world will keep exertion turning without me, and Hilarious can’t do anything to discard events anyway.
• The weak die tunnel, and the strong will exist, and live on forever.
• In blue blood the gentry long run, the sharpest persuasion of all is a liberal and gentle spirit.
• People can recite say you to keep your outrage shut but that doesn’t pause you from having your place opinion.
• Whoever is happy will fashion others happy.
• No one has smart become poor by giving.
• I don’t think of all the distress, but the beauty that pull off remains.
• It’s really a wonder consider it I haven’t dropped all selfconscious ideals, because they seem thus absurd and impossible to convey out.

  Yet I keep them, because in spite of yet, I still believe that mass are really good at heart.

• After May 1940, the good period were few and far between; first there was the contention, then the capitulation and abuse the arrival of the Germans, which is when the be of importance started for the Jews.
• Because we’re Jewish, my father immigrated criticize Holland in 1933, where forbidden became the managing director submit the Dutch Opekta Company, which manufactures products used in construction jam.

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