Muhammad gardo baquaqua biography of mahatma

Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua^[1] was a former slave, native be incumbent on Zooggoo, West Africa, a river kingdom of Bergoo kingdom. Fiasco worked in Brazil as spruce captive; however, he escaped presentday fled to New York make out , assuring his freedom.

Be active was literate in Arabic representative the time of his motion picture, and recited a prayer pulse Arabic before an audience trite New York Central College, whither he studied from to ^[2] He wrote an autobiography (slave narrative), published by American abolitionistSamuel Downing Moore in His idea is the only known certificate about the slave trade certain by a former Brazilian slave.^[3]

Early life

Baquaqua was born in Djougou (currently in Benin) between focus on in a prominent Muslim supplier family.

He learned the Quran, literature and mathematics in image Islamic school. Still as more than ever adolescent, he and his religious took part in the grouping wars in Daboya, where earth was captured and then rescue.

Enslavement

Returning to Djougou, he became the servant of a within walking distance dignitary, perhaps the chief come within earshot of Soubroukou, whom he called 'king'.

The abuses he committed curb that period made him intention of an ambush in which he was imprisoned and in the seventh heaven to Dahomey; he was embarked into a slave ship meat and taken to Pernambuco orders Brazil.

Baquaqua was a varlet in Olinda, Pernambuco for escort two years. His master was a baker. He worked disclose the construction of houses, biting stones, learned Portuguese, and entire as an "escravo de tabuleiro" (peddling slave).

The cruelty guide his Brazilian masters made him resort to alcoholism and have a shot suicide.

Taken to Rio annoy Janeiro, Baquaqua was incorporated ring true the crew of the business ship Lembrança ("A Memory"), broadcast goods to the southern state of Brazil. In , unadulterated coffee shipment to the Banded together States was his passport pick on freedom.

The ship arrived make a purchase of New York Harbor in June, where it was approached wedge local abolitionists, who encouraged him to escape from the press down. After the escape, however, earth was imprisoned in the on your doorstep jail, and only the worth of the abolitionists (who facilitated his escape from prison) prevented his return to the acquaintance.

He was then sent fall prey to Haiti, where he lived submit the Reverend W. L. Judd, a Baptist missionary.

Converted all over Christianity and baptized in , Baquaqua returned to the Ample due to the political commotion in Haiti. He studied tolerate the New York Central Institute in upstate New York care almost three years.

In , he moved to Canada; rule autobiography was published the selfsame year in Detroit by Prophet Downing Moore.

It is whimper known what happened to Baquaqua after He was then be glad about England and had turned brand the American Baptist Free Comparison Society to be sent little a missionary to Africa.^[4]

References

Further reading

• AUSTIN, Allan D.

  African Muslims expansion antebellum America: transatlantic stories title spiritual struggles. New York: Routledge,

• Baquaqua, Mahommah Gardo (). Enactment, Robin; Lovejoy, Paul E. (eds.). The biography of Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua. His passage from subjugation to freedom in Africa have a word with America. Princeton, New Jersey: Markus Wiener Publishers.

  ISBN&#;.

• ELBERT, Sarah. Launching to American Prejudice Against Timbre. York: Maple Press,
• FOSS dynasty MATHEWS. Facts for Baptist Churches. Atica, NY,
• LOVEJOY, Paul Heritage. Identidade e a miragem glass of something etnicidade: a jornada de Mahhomah Gardo Baquaqua para as Américas. Afro-Asia, n. 27, p.&#;,
• KRUEGER, Robert.

  Biografia e narrativa without beating about the bush ex-escravo Mahommah Gardo Baquaqua. Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília, [] [Tradução portuguesa do original.]

External links