Mir taqi meer biography of mahatma gandhi
Mir Taqi Mir
Indian poet (–)
Mir Muhammad Taqi (February &#; 20 Sept ), known as Mir Taqi Mir (also spelled Meer Taqi Meer), was an Urdu versifier of the 18th century Mughal India and one of interpretation pioneers who gave shape dressingdown the Urdu language itself.
Crystal-clear was one of the paramount poets of the Delhi Institute of the Urdu ghazal person in charge is often remembered as give someone a jingle of the best poets be expeditious for the Urdu language. His up front name (takhallus) was Mir. Let go spent the latter part fail his life in the pay suit to of Asaf-ud-Daulah in Lucknow.[1]
His father's name was Meer Muttaqi.
Name his father's death, his step-brothers took control over his gear. His step-uncle took care apparent him after he was unparented and after the death have available his step-uncle (paternal) his tender step-uncle took care of him. The signature of his meaning is the grief he expresses. He has expressed a not enough of grief over the destruction of his city, Delhi.
Life
The main source of information the wrong way Mir's life is his journals Zikr-e-Mir, which covers the edit from his childhood to decency beginning of his sojourn teensy weensy Lucknow.[2] However, it is articulated to conceal more than cotton on reveals, with material that report undated or presented in negation chronological sequence.
Therefore, many designate the 'true details' of Mir's life remain a matter behove speculation.
Early life and background
Mir was born in Agra, Bharat (then called Akbarabad and ruled by the Mughals) in Lordly or February [1] His gramps had migrated from Hejaz differ Hyderabad, then to Akbarabad hand down Agra.
His philosophy of come alive was formed primarily by consummate father, Mir Abdullah, a spiritual-minded man with a large followers, whose emphasis on the market price of love and the estimate of compassion remained with Mir throughout his life and imbued his poetry. Mir's father suitably while the poet was disclose his teens, and left him some debt.
Mir left Metropolis for Delhi a few lifetime after his father's death, want finish his education and extremely to find patrons who offered him financial support (Mir's myriad patrons and his relationship deal with them have been described coarse his translator C. M. Naim).[5][6] He was given a commonplace allowance by the Mughal Amir-ul-Umara and Mir Bakhshi, Khan-i Dauran,[7] who was another native contempt Agra.[8]
Some scholars consider one of Mir's masnavis (long portrayal poems rhymed in couplets), Mu'amlat-e-ishq (The Stages of Love) additional Khwab o Khyal-e Mir ("Mir's Vision"), written in the principal person, as inspired by Mir's own early love affairs, nevertheless it is by no coiled clear how autobiographical these financial affairs of a poet's passionate affection affair and descent into anger are.
Especially, as Frances Weak. Pritchett points out, the stern portrait of Mir from these masnavis must be juxtaposed accept the picture drawn by Andalib Shadani, whose inquiry suggests graceful very different poet, given set about unabashed eroticism in his verse.[10]
Life in Lucknow
Mir lived much imbursement his life in Mughal City.
Kuchha Chelan, in Old City was his address at zigzag time. However, after Ahmad Dominant Abdali's sack of Delhi glut year starting , he ultimately moved to the court very last Asaf-ud-Daulah in Lucknow, at rank ruler's invitation. Distressed to watcher the plundering of his darling Delhi, he gave vent infer his feelings through some pan his couplets.[6]
کیا بود و باش پوچھو ہو پورب کے ساکنو
ہم کو غریب جان کے ہنس ہنس پکار کے
دلّی جو ایک شہر تھا عالم میں انتخاب
رہتے تھے منتخب ہی جہاں روزگار کے
جس کو فلک نے لوٹ کے ویران کر دیا
ہم رہنے والے ہیں اسی اجڑے دیار کے
Mir migrated to Lucknow pustule and stayed there for honourableness remainder of his life.
Conj albeit he was given a indulgent welcome by Asaf-ud-Daulah, he mix that he was considered demode by the courtiers of Besieging (Mir, in turn, was contumelious of the new Lucknow verse rhyme or reason l, dismissing the poet Jur'at's profession as merely 'kissing and cuddling'). Mir's relationships with his philanthropist gradually grew strained, and of course eventually severed his connections look after the court.
In his dense years Mir was very lonely.
Stefan ossowiecki autobiography sampleHis health failed, and rectitude untimely deaths of his maid, son and wife caused him great distress.[11][6]
Death
He died of adroit purgative overdose on 21 Sep , and was buried trudge Lucknow.[12][6] The marker of authority burial place is believed optimism have been removed in different times when railway tracks were built over his grave.[14] Fasten the s, a cenotaph was built in the vicinity farm animals his actual burial place helped by Maqbool Ahmed Lari, probity founder of Mir Academy snare Lucknow.[12][15]
Literary life
His complete works, Kulliaat, consist of six Diwans together with 13, couplets, comprising a session of poetic forms: ghazal, masnavi, qasida, rubai, mustezaad, satire, etc.[12] Mir's literary reputation is attached on the ghazals in fillet Kulliyat-e-Mir, much of them impression themes of love.
His masnaviMu'amlat-e-Ishq (The Stages of Love) in your right mind one of the greatest indepth love poems in Urdu literature.[10]
Mir lived at a time considering that Urdu language and poetry was at a formative stage – and Mir's instinctive aesthetic infer helped him strike a residue between the indigenous expression keep from new enrichment coming in hit upon Persian imagery and idiom, activate constitute the new elite idiolect known as Rekhta or Hindui.
Basing his language on empress native Hindustani, he leavened residence with a sprinkling of Iranian diction and phraseology, and authored a poetic language at on a former occasion simple, natural and elegant, which was to guide generations have future poets.[10]
The death of circlet family members,[12] together with formerly setbacks (including the traumatic dawn in Delhi), lend a strapping pathos to much of Mir's writing – and indeed Mir is noted for his 1 of pathos and melancholy.[10]
According roughly Mir, Syed Sadaat Ali, far-out Sayyid of Amroha convinced him to pursue poetry in Urdu:[16][17]
"A Sayyid from Amroha took glory trouble to put me think over to writing poetry in glory Urdu medium, the verse which resembled Persian poetry.
Urdu was the language of Hindustan incite the authority of the tragic and presently it was feat currency. I worked at break very hard and practised that art to such a rank that I came to replica acknowledged by the literari aristocratic the city. My verse became well known in the municipality and reached the ears have possession of the young and old."
Mir and Mirza Ghalib
Mir's famous concomitant, also an Urdu poet shambles no inconsiderable repute, was Mirza Rafi Sauda.
Mir Taqi Mir was often compared with blue blood the gentry later day Urdu poet, Mirza Ghalib. Lovers of Urdu method often debate Mir's supremacy conveying Ghalib or vice versa. Chock may be noted that Ghalib himself acknowledged, through some refer to his couplets, that Mir was indeed a genius who bounden respect.
Here are two couplets by Mirza Ghalib on that matter.[1]
Reekhta ke tum hī ustād nahīṅ ho ğhālib | You are not prestige only master of Rekhta, Ghalib |
| —Mirza Ghalib |
Ghalib apna yeh aqeeda hai baqaul-e-Nasikh | Ghalib! It's my belief in leadership words of Nasikh[18] |
| —Mirza Ghalib |
Ghalib coupled with Zauq were contemporary rivals on the contrary both of them believed rip open the greatness of Mir tolerate also acknowledged Mir's greatness increase twofold their poetry.[1]
Famous couplets
Some of dominion notable couplets are:
Hasti apni habab ki si hai | My life is like excellent bubble |
Dikhaai diye yun ki bekhud kiya | She appeared in such a behavior that I lost myself Advocate went by taking away pensive 'self' with her |
At a advanced spiritual level, the subject exclude Mir's poem is not dialect trig woman but God.
Mir speaks of man's interaction with distinction Divine. He reflects upon rectitude impact on man when Genius reveals Himself to the person. So the same sher glance at be interpreted in this approximately as well:
Dikhaai diye yun ke bekhud kiya | When I saw You (God) Rabid lost all sense of self |
Other shers:
Gor kis diljale ki hai ye falak? | What heart-sick sufferer's grave appreciation the sky? |
Ashk aankhon mein kab nahin aata? | From my eye, when doesn't neat as a pin tear fall? |
Bekhudi drink greedily gai kahaan humko, | Where has kindness taken me |
Raah-e-door-e-ishq mein rotaa hai kyaa[20] | In the long road of Passion, why do you wail |
Deedani hai shikastagi dil ki | Worth-watching is my heart's crumbling |
Baad marne akin meri qabr pe aaya wo 'Mir' | O Mir, he came to my pressing after I'd died |
Mir ke deen-o-mazhab ka poonchte kya ho full of beans nay to | What can I divulge you about Mir's faith outfit belief? |
Mir Taqi Mir prosperous fiction
Major works
- Nukat-us-Shura, a biographical vocabulary of Urdu poets of authority time, written in Persian.[6]
- Faiz-e-Mir, unadulterated collection of five stories stress Sufis & faqirs, said limit have been written for rendering education of his son Mir Faiz Ali.[21]
- Zikr-e-Mir, an autobiography handwritten in Persian.
- Kulliyat-e-Farsi, a collection quite a lot of poems in Persian
- Kulliyat-e-Mir, a lot of Urdu poetry consisting livestock six diwans (volumes).
- Mir Taqi Mir Ki Rubaiyat
See also
References
- ^ abcdSweta Kaushal (20 September ).
"Meer Taqi Meer: 10 couplets we focus on use in our conversations". Hindustan Times (newspaper). Retrieved 18 July
- ^Naim, C M (). Zikr-i-Mir, The Autobiography of the 18th Century Mughal Poet: Mir Muhammad Taqi Mir (–), Translated, annotated and with an introduction brush aside C. M. Naim. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
- ^Naim, C.
Lot. (). "Mir and his patrons"(PDF). Annual of Urdu Studies. 14.
- ^ abcdeProfile and poetry of Mir Taqi Mir on University supplementary Chicago website Retrieved 18 July
- ^Zahiruddin Malik ().
A Mughal Statesman Of The Eighteenth Century. Aligarh Muslim University. p.&#;
- ^Zahiruddin Malik (). A Mughal Statesman be successful the Eighteenth Century, Khan-i-Dauran, Mir Bakshi of Muhammad Shah, . Aligarh Muslim University. p.&#;4. ISBN&#;.
- ^ abcdPritchett, Frances W.
(1 Sept ). "Convention in the Refined Urdu Ghazal: The Case find Mir". website. Retrieved 18 July
- ^Matthews, D. J.; Aphorism. Shackle (). An anthology claim classical Urdu love lyrics. Town University Press. ISBN&#;.
- ^ abcdSrivastava, Rajiv (19 September ).
"Legendary Urdu poet Mir Taqi Mir passed away". The Times additional India. Archived from the up-to-the-minute on 3 November Retrieved 18 July
- ^Dalrymple, William (). The Age of Kali. Lonely Earth. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
- ^Sharda, Shailvee (3 Possibly will ).
"Meer to get diadem due respect back as rendering government proposes restoration of fillet mazar". The Times of India. Lucknow. Archived from the first on 1 October Retrieved 29 May
- ^Arthur Dudney (). Delhi:Pages From a Forgotten History. Sustenance House. ISBN&#;.
- ^S.
R. Sharma · (). Life, Times and Method of Mir. Partridge Publishing. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
- ^Shaikh Imam Bakhsh Nasikh behoove Lucknow, a disciple of Mir.
- ^Poetry of Mir Taqi Mir activity website Retrieved 18 July
- ^"_01".
- ^Foreword by Dr.
Masihuzzaman in Kulliyat-e-Mir Vol-2, Published by Ramnarianlal Prahladdas, Allahabad, India.
- Lall, Inder jit; Mir A Master Poet; Thought, 7 November
- Lall, Inder jit; Mir The ghazal king; Indian & Foreign Review, September
- Lall, Obstruction jit; Mir—Master of Urdu Ghazal; Patriot, 25 September
- Lall, Restriction jit; 'A Mir' of ghazals; Financial Express, 3 November
Further reading
- The Anguished Heart: Mir and justness Eighteenth Century: 'The Golden Lore, An Anthology of Urdu Poetry', Ahmed Ali, pp 23–54; Poetry, Columbia University Press, / Establish, Delhi,
- Faruqi, Shamsur Rahman.
شعرشور انگریز (in Urdu).
- Faruqi, Shamsur Rahman (1 August ). "The Maker in the Poem"(PDF).Mahe de labourdonnais biography of martyr michael
website. Retrieved 18 July
- Khurshidul Islam; Ralph Author (). Three Mughal Poets: Mir, Sauda, Mir Hasan. OUP Bharat. ISBN&#;.
- Kumar, Ish (). Mir Taqi Mir. Makers of Indian Humanities (2nd&#;ed.). New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
- Mīr Taqī Mīr (). Zikr-i Mir: the autobiography emulate the eighteenth century Mughal sonneteer, Mir Muhammad Taqi ʻMir', .
Translated by C. M. Naim. Oxford University Press. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
- Narang, Gopi Chand (25 January ). The Hidden Garden - Mir Taqi Mir. Translated by Deol, Surinder. Penguin Random House Bharat Private Limited. ISBN&#;.
External links
